🛑 BIG WIN: 8 Lives Rescued in Kaduna! 🇳🇬

​🛑 BIG WIN: 8 Lives Rescued in Kaduna! 🇳🇬

​In a major victory against crime, the troops of Operation ENDURING PEACE (OPEP), alongside the Zango Kataf Police, CJTF, Forest Guards, and local hunters, successfully smashed a kidnappers' hideout in the Badurum Kasa Forest yesterday!

​Following credible intelligence, the joint team launched a swift offensive. Faced with superior firepower, the criminals abandoned their captives and fled into the bush, leaving all eight victims to be recovered unharmed.

​🙏 Welcome Home!

​The following individuals have been rescued and reunited with their loved ones:

• ​Mrs. Rashida Musa (19)
• ​Mrs. Hafsat Nuhu (18)
• ​Mr. Zakari Saleh (52)
• ​Miss Hasiya Yahaya (13)
• ​Mr. Ahmed Yahaya (14)
• ​Mr. Ibrahim Saiba (11)
• ​Miss Salma Yahaya (14)
• ​Mr. Sophan Idris (18)

​This successful operation is a testament to the power of inter-agency synergy and the relentless resolve of our security forces to protect the people of Kaduna State.

​Kudos to our troops and local heroes for their bravery! 🛡️🙌

​#KadunaSecurity #NigerianArmy #RescueOperation #SecurityUpdate #Ebadungstrings #SafeKaduna

Security Update: Top Miyetti Allah leaders arrested in Kwara State over alleged ties to banditry and kidnapping. Security agencies state the investigation is based on specific intelligence.Stay tuned for more updates as the story develops. ⚖️🇳🇬#Kwara #MACBAN #NewsFlash #Ebadungstrings

Security Update: Top Miyetti Allah leaders arrested in Kwara State over alleged ties to banditry and kidnapping. Security agencies state the investigation is based on specific intelligence.

​Stay tuned for more updates as the story develops. ⚖️🇳🇬

​#Kwara #MACBAN #NewsFlash #EbadungstringsSecurity Update: Top Miyetti Allah leaders arrested in Kwara State over alleged ties to banditry and kidnapping.

C (musical note)

C (Italian, French: Do) is the first note of the C major scale, the third note of the A minor scale (the relative minor of C major), and the fourth note (F, A, B, C) of the Guidonian hand, commonly pitchedaround 261.63 Hz. The actual frequency has depended on historical pitch standards, and for transposing instruments a distinction is made between written and sounding or concert pitch.

Middle C  Play 

In English the term Do is used interchangeably with C only by adherents of fixed-Do solfège; in the movable Do system Do refers to the tonic of the prevailing key.

Frequency

Historically, concert pitch has varied. For an instrument in equal temperament tuned to the A440 pitch standard widely adopted in 1939, middle C has a frequency around 261.63 Hz (for other notes see piano key frequencies). Scientific pitch was originally proposed in 1713 by French physicist Joseph Sauveur and based on the numerically convenient frequency of 256 Hz for middle C, all C's being powers of two. After the A440 pitch standard was adopted by musicians, the Acoustical Society of America published new frequency tables for scientific use. A movement to restore the older A435 standard has used the banners "Verdi tuning", "philosophical pitch" or the easily confused scientific pitch.

Octave nomenclature

Middle C

Middle C (the fourth C key from left on a standard 88-key pianokeyboard) is designated C₄ in scientific pitch notation, the most commonly recognized in auditory science, while both C₄ and the Helmholtz designation c′ are used in musical studies. Other note-octave systems, including those used by some makers of digital music keyboards, may refer to Middle C differently. In MIDI, Middle C is note number 60 which equates to C₄.

While the expression Middle C is generally clear across instruments and clefs, some musicians naturally use the term to refer to the C note in the middle of their specific instrument's range. C₄ may be called Low C by someone playing a Western concert flute, which has a higher and narrower playing range than the piano, while C₅ (523.251 Hz) would be Middle C. This technically inaccurate practice has led some pedagogues to encourage standardizing on C₄ as the definitive Middle C in instructional materials across all instruments.

On the Grand Staff, middle-C is notated with a ledger line above the top line of the bass clef or below the bottom line of the treble clef.

Other octaves

In vocal music, the term High C(sometimes less ambiguously called Top C) can refer to either the soprano's C₆ (1046.502 Hz; c′′′ in Helmholtz notation) or the tenor's C₅; both are written as the C two leger lines above the treble clef but the tenor voice sings an octave lower. The term Low C is sometimes used in vocal music to refer to C₂ because this is considered the divide between true basses and bass-baritones: a basso can sing this note easily whereas other male voices, including bass-baritones, typically cannot.

Tenor C is an organ builder's term for small C or C₃ (130.813 Hz), the note one octave below Middle C. In stoplists it usually means that a rank is not full compass, omitting the bottom octave.

Designation by octave

Scientificdesignation	Helmholtzdesignation	Octave name	Frequency (Hz)	Other names	Audio
C−1	C͵͵͵ or ͵͵͵C or CCCC	Octocontra	8.176		Play
C0	C͵͵ or ͵͵C or CCC	Subcontra	16.352		Play
C1	C͵ or ͵C or CC	Contra	32.703		Play
C2	C	Great	65.406	Low C, cello C, 8' C (see organ pipe length)	Play
C3	c	Small	130.813	4' C or tenor C (organ), viola C	Play
C4	c′	One-lined	261.626	Middle C	Play
C5	c′′	Two-lined	523.251	Treble C, high C (written an octave higher for tenor voices)	Play
C6	c′′′	Three-lined	1,046.502	High C (soprano)	Play
C7	c′′′′	Four-lined	2,093.005	Double high C	Play
C8	c′′′′′	Five-lined	4,186.009	Eighth octave C, triple high C	Play
C9	c′′′′′′	Six-lined	8,372.018	Quadruple high C	Play
C10	c′′′′′′′	Seven-lined	16,744.036	Quintuple high C	Play

(20,000 hertz is the start of the ultrasound in healthy young adults.)

Graphic presentation

Middle C in four clefs

Position of Middle C on a standard 88-key keyboard

Scales

Common scales beginning on C

• C Major: C D E F G A B C
• C Natural Minor: C D E♭ F G A♭ B♭ C
• C Harmonic Minor: C D E♭ F G A♭ B C
• C Melodic Minor Ascending: C D E♭ F G A B C
• C Melodic Minor Descending: C B♭ A♭ G F E♭ D C

Diatonic scales

• C Ionian: C D E F G A B C
• C Dorian: C D E♭ F G A B♭ C
• C Phrygian: C D♭ E♭ F G A♭B♭ C
• C Lydian: C D E F♯ G A B C
• C Mixolydian: C D E F G A B♭ C
• C Aeolian: C D E♭ F G A♭ B♭C
• C Locrian: C D♭ E♭ F G♭ A♭B♭ C

Jazz melodic minor

• C Ascending Melodic Minor: C D E♭ F G A B C
• C Dorian ♭2: C D♭ E♭ F G A B♭ C
• C Lydian Augmented: C D E F♯G♯ A B C
• C Lydian Dominant: C D E F♯ G A B♭ C
• C Mixolydian ♭6: C D E F G A♭B♭ C
• C Locrian ♮2: C D E♭ F G♭A♭ B♭ C
• C Altered: C D♭ E♭ F♭ G♭A♭ B♭ C

B sharp

Comparison of notes derived from, or near, twelve perfect fifths (B ♯)

Traversing the circle of fifths can result in a B♯ that is higher than C by 23.46 cents, the ratio of twelve just perfect fifths (B♯) to seven octaves being 531,441 / 524,288, the Pythagorean comma. A B♯that is three just major thirds above C is lower than the octave by an interval called a diesis, 125:128 or 41.06 cents.